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SCOTT RAO's suggestion on adjusting the roasting machine

2025-11-25
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Original text from the author's personal blog/Author SCOTT RAO

The following text:

The vast majority of machines I use in my consulting career require what is known as' adjustment '. For example, in the past month, due to the construction of the chimney, a user who bought a new Probat had a much smaller air door size than he needed. Two experienced users operated their machines with less than half of their optimal air pressure. Several users used machines where the drum speed or airflow level was not adjusted to the desired state. The insufficient air pressure and airflow of a customer were caused by air leakage at the loading funnel. Several roasting machines have used excessive smooth curve settings and slow response thermocouples.

Appropriate air pressure, drum speed RPM, airflow level, probe and position, and software settings are all essential for roasting high-quality coffee with impressive consistency. Based on my experience, most roasters who read this article may have tuning issues they are not aware of. All of the following issues can be quickly and cost effectively resolved. Repairing any of them will provide excellent returns on the time or money you have invested.

air pressure

Each gas burner is designed to operate safely and effectively within a certain range of gas pressures. For example, machine manufacturers may recommend a range of 3-5 kPa. The recommended scope should be listed on the badge on the side of the roasting machine or on the manufacturer's website. Almost no one tells roasters that the maximum pressure upper limit of the recommended range is much higher than the lower pressure limit. Poor air pressure can force many roasters to roast fewer beans or roast slower. I have seen an increase in air pressure leading to a 50% increase in the amount of roasted coffee per hour.

Drum speed

Even if your machine is brand new and the manufacturer has installed it for you, please check the RPM of its drum. The RPMs delivered by some major manufacturers to standardized machines vary greatly (usually with a difference of 20 RPMs between each machine). Please calculate the RPM of your drum within one minute. If the RPM of your machine is too high or too low, it will cause more roasting defects in heat conduction. Extremely low RPM may also make it difficult to achieve the required ROR.

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